Hydrogeological instability is caused by various natural disasters that cause the instability of the territory with consequent degradation of the soil and a high risk for the man-made constructions. This can manifest itself in events such as landslides, flooding and soil erosion. Hydrogeological instability represents a risk for the environment and for communities, especially for fragile or poorly managed territories, and requires careful and precise planning and numerous prevention interventions. Unfortunately, public and government attention abruptly returns to these issues only when disasters occur, as with the recent floods in Valencia in October 2024 and Emilia-Romagna in May 2023. Hydrogeological instability, as well as seismic and volcanic risk, are inherent in the nature of the territory and in the geological history of Italy. The Italian territory, known throughout the world, due to its variety of landscapes and habitats, also needs to be studied from the point of view of prediction and prevention of potentially destructive natural events. In this work we have chosen Civita di Bagnoregio as a case study, where the morphology and geology of the territory match the suggestive location of the small town center creating a "dangerous beauty". We have created a reproducible path to study individual cases of geological sites of interest including analysis of online databases and laboratory simulations of permeability and landslides.

Keywords: hydrogeological instability, soil, landslides.